However, many of the early stockings in Arkansas were in lakes or reservoirs open to stream systems, and by the early 1970s there were many reports of Grass Carp captured in the Missouri and Mississippi rivers (Pflieger 1975, 1997). However, Grass Carp acclimated to 3, 5, and 7 ppt had an upper tolerance of about 14 ppt (Kilambi and Zdinak 1980). Harvest of Grass Carp by commercial fishermen in the Missouri and Mississippi rivers of Missouri has exhibited a general climb. The dorsal fin origin is anterior to the pelvic fin origin and it has a short caudal peduncle. Grass Carp is a large member of the minnow family with a body which is moderately compressed laterally. 1978. Stone, W., pers. The biggest carp on any state record list is a 75lb fish caught by Curtis Wade from Pelahatchie Lake in Mississippi back in 1963. 1980), Louisiana (Conner et al. McNyset, J.B. Williams, A.T. Peterson, and E.O. The species also has been stocked by private individuals and organizations.

Removal of vegetation can have negative effects on native fish, such as elimination of food sources, shelter, and spawning substrates (Taylor et al. Washington, DC : National Center for Environmental Assessment, 2008. van der Lee, A.S., T.B. The Philadelphia Inquirer, City & Region Section. Jenkins, D.E. 2011. Asian carps of the genus Hypophthalmichys (Pisces, Cyprinidae) — a biological synopsis and environmental risk assessment. [10][14], Grass carp grow large and are strong fighters on a rod and reel, but because of their vegetarian habits and their wariness, they can be difficult to catch.

[9] The first release is believed to have been an accidental escape in 1966 from the US Fish and Wildlife Service's Fish Farming Experimental Station in Stuttgart, Arkansas, followed by planned introductions beginning in 1969. Distribution, biology and management of exotic fishes. Zhao, Z.G., S.L. Burr.

Journal of Great Lakes Research 39(4):547-554. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2013.09.019. Risk assessment for Asian carps in Canada. Assessing effects on ecosystem function, structure and resilience. Izdatel'vesto Akademii Nauk SSSR, Moscow. The list of references for all nonindigenous occurrences of Ctenopharyngodon idella are found here. Movements of grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella, in an open reservoir system as described by radiotelemetry. The second record being a 4lb 9oz 8drms crucian, caught four years later in 2003. The Auburn stock came from Taiwan, and the Arkansas stock was imported from Malaysia (Courtenay et al. The freshwater fishes of North Carolina. Egg hatching was delayed below pH 6.5 and increased mortality and deformation of larvae occurred below pH 6.0 (Li and Zhang 1992). Martin is the only coarse angler to have ever caught three British record fish from the UK. Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database. 2008a. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, MA. McCann. Reviews in Fisheries Science 4(2):101-122. 2005. The grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) is a large herbivorous freshwater fish species of the family Cyprinidae native to eastern Asia, with an original range from northern Vietnam to the Amur River on the Siberia-China border. University of Tennessee Press, Knoxville, TN. Nico, P. Fuller, and M.R. 1995. Pages 123-151 in Ruiz, G.M., and J.T. Bowler Lands Unofficial Grass Carp Record.

Jackson.

Grass Carp have been recorded from 45 states; there are no reports of introductions in Alaska, Maine, Montana, Rhode Island, and Vermont. Neilson, A.J. North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission. Fishes of Alabama and the Mobile Basin. The tolerance of grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val.) The eggs are thought to die if they sink to the bottom. 1980; Burr and Warren 1986), the Illinois and upper Mississippi rivers of Illinois and Missouri (Raibley et al. Koops. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. First evidence of grass carp recruitment in the Great Lakes Basin. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Foreign nonindigenous carps and minnows (Cyprinidae) in the United States – A guide to their identification, distribution and biology.

Freshwater fishes of the USSR and adjacent countries. Hensley, J.N. It lacks barbels.

McCann.

Exotic species manual. Sutton. In an article by Sandy Bauers of the Philadelphia Inquirer (1995), it is reported that Philadelphia is taking precautions to ensure that the release carp are sterile. 1989. 42. Sigler and Sigler (1996) stated that this species is no longer found in Utah, but they provide no details. Stone (1995) listed this species as being established in Wyoming; however, Stone (personal communication) clarified his earlier report by stating that, as of early 1997, there is no evidence of natural reproduction in that state. Chilton and Muoneke (1992) reported an upper lethal temperature range for fry as 33-41°C, and for yearlings as 35-36°C. They thrive in small lakes and backwaters that provide an abundant supply of freshwater vegetation. 1978. IUCN-World Conservation Union—Invasive Species Specialist Group. Distribution of exotic fishes in the continental United States. Bergeron, A. Ricciardi, and H.J. Martin Bowler recently landed possibly the biggest grass carp ever caught in the UK at 52lb 10oz, which came as part of six fish catch, all weighing over 37lb!

Reproductive requirements and likelihood for naturalization of escaped grass carp in the United States. 2014. College Park, MD. Neilson, A.J. Environmental Conservation, Delmar, NY. Springer Science + Business Media B.V. Dordrecht, The Netherlands. Stanley, J.G., W.W. Miley, and D.L. Grass carp grow large and are strong fighters on a rod and reel, but because of their vegetarian habits and their wariness, they can be difficult to catch. University of Minnesota. Chilton, III, E.W. Courtenay, W.R., Jr., D.A. They indicated that numerous contradictory results are reported in the literature concerning Grass Carp interaction with other species. Robison, H.W., and T.M.

The Grass Carp measured 47¾ inches in length and had a 30-inch girth.

Journal of Great Lakes Research 43:308-318. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0380133016302398.

Pierson. Uses and effects of cultured fishes in aquatic ecosystems. Simon Ashton in search of a bumper Roach! Duggan, N.M.N. Checklists of the fish fauna of the Laurentian Great Lakes and their connecting channels. 1987. Mangum. Laramie, WY. Occurrences are summarized in Table 1, alphabetically by state, with years of earliest and most recent observations, and the tally and names of drainages where the species was observed. Canadian Field-Naturalist 101(4):584-586. Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. 1984). [13] In the Netherlands the species was also introduced, in 1973, to control over-abundant aquatic weeds. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1994. Fuller, P.J. Pflieger, W. 1997. Breeding populations have been recorded for the Mississippi River in Kentucky (Conner et al. PLoS ONE 4(5): e5451. Alan Scotthorne – Enjoying the practice sessions. Grass carp were introduced into New Zealand in 1966 to control the growth of aquatic plants. Herborg, L.-M., N.E.

Drake, and D.M. 1992. [2020]. Petr, T. and V. P. Mitrofanov. Kilambi, R.V., and A. Zdinak. 1998. Dong, F. Wang, X.L. Journal of Fish Biology 16:171-175. [9][10] In 2013 it was determined to be reproducing in the Great Lakes Basin. Contact us if you are using data from this site for a publication to make sure the data are being used appropriately and for potential co-authorship if warranted. (2014) used multiple machine learning methods to examine potential distribution of Grass Carp in the Great Lakes, finding suitable predicted habitat in all lakes but Superior. Maher, A.M. Deines, J.A. Shallow water is the generally preferred habitat, although deeper waters are used when temperatures decrease (Nixon and Miller 1978). Distribution, biology, and management of exotic fishes. They feed on higher aquatic plants and submerged terrestrial vegetation, but may also take detritus, insects, and other invertebrates.